As the internet is a global
resource, it seemed sensible to include details of some thirty countries who have
endeavoured to regulate the fineness of wrought silver. the following pages are
set out in timeline tables recording the major developments in the establishment
of that particular country's hallmarking system.
this is not a definitive or complete list. it is a brief guide showing
the purity standards that have been used in the past.
this is mainly a guide to antique silver. due to the fluctuations
in European statehood over the last half century or so, the latest period
covered is the early 20th century although some existing standards
are included.
if you wish to learn more, refer to the bibliography and
buy a book!
australia austria belgium bulgaria canada czechoslovakia denmark egypt finland france germany greece hungary
ireland italy japan netherlands norway poland portugal romania russia spain sweden switzerland tunisia turkey u.s.a. yugoslavia