A Habit of Lies: Large Table of Contents

A Habit of Lies - How Scientists Cheat

John A Hewitt

A Habit of Lies: How Scientists Cheat - Large Table of Contents

This is the large table of contents for 'A Habit of Lies.' It lists each section of each chapter of the book and is intended to assist readers who are unable to locate a particular section.

Preface, Legal Matters, Autobiographical.
1. Preliminary Comments
2. Legal Matters
3. Autobiographical Note

Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Scientific Responsibility
1.3 Life through the Microscope
1.4 What is Described in "A Habit of Lies"?
1.5 What does "A Habit of Lies" aim to do?

Chapter 2 Scientific Philosophy, Logic and Method.
2.1 Models, Hypotheses and Logic in Science
2.2 Models
2.3 Classic Scientific Logic
2.4 Probable and Improbable Hypotheses
2.5 Scientific and Non-scientific Hypotheses - Demarcation Criteria
2.6 Three Stages of Scientific Method
2.7 Gatekeepers and the Management of Science
2.8 Closing the Gates?
2.9 Chronological Order Dictates Merit
Appendix to Chapter 2
2.10 Other Views of Scientific Method
2.11 Weakness of the Hypothetico-deductive Method
2.12 Reducing the number of models - Demarcation Criteria
2.13 Popper
2.14 Vacuousness
2.15 Metaphysics
2.16 Metaphysical Logic and Scientific Logic
2.17 Parsimony and Aesthetics
2.18 Toulmin's Applicability Criterion
2.19 Occam's Razor - the Coherence Criterion
2.20 The Evolvability Criterion and Teleology
2.21 Interests and Relativist Reasons
2.22 Singularities
2.23 Summary of Strategies for Model Elimination
2.24 Hypothesis Testing and Probability
2.25 Assessment of Antecedent Probabilities
2.26 The Origins of Uncertainty
2.27 Quality Assessment - Peer Review and Citation Analysis
2.28 Conclusion
Summary

Chapter 3 Capping: Reported Observations.
3.1 Cells - Observations to be Explained
3.2 The Cell Membrane
3.3 Patching
3.4 Capping
3.5 Particle movement and motility
3.6 The debate
Summary

Chapter 4 The Cytoskeletal Model.
4.1 Introduction to Chapters 4-7
4.2 Recognition-Response and Entrainment Models
4.3 What is the Cytoskeleton?
4.4 The Cytoskeleton is not Precisely Arranged
4.5 What are the Axioms of the Cytoskeletal Model?
4.6 Predictions of the Cytoskeletal Model
4.7 The Original Cytoskeletal Model should be Rejected
4.8 Why is the Cytoskeletal Model taken Seriously?
4.9 The Cytoskeletal Model Today
Summary

Chapter 5 The Flow Model.
5.1 Membrane Flow Models
5.2 Criticisms of the Flow Models
5.3 The Response of the Field
5.4 My View of the Flow Models
5.5 Current Status of the Membrane Flow Model
Summary

Chapter 6 The Cytoskeletal Flow Model.
6.1 Cytoskeletal Flow Model
6.2 Why this Name?
6.3 Criticisms of the Cytoskeletal Flow Model
6.4 The Cytoskeletal Flow Model and Motility
6.5 My View of the Cytoskeletal Flow Model
6.6 The Cytoskeletal Paradigm is Vacuous
6.7 Why is the Cytoskeletal Flow Model so Popular?
Summary

Chapter 7 The Wave Model (Central to this Book).
7.1 The Wave Model
7.2 Waves and Motility: Ciliated Cells
7.3 Waves on Mammalian Cells
7.4 Oscillations and Waves
7.5 Calcium Waves
7.6 Evidence Relating Particle Behaviour to Cell Waves
7.7 Saltatory and Reverse Movements of Particles
7.8 Evidence From Genetics
7.9 Criticism of the Wave Model
7.10 My Reaction to Such Criticism
7.11 The Present Situation of the Wave Model
Summary

Chapter 8 Correspondence: Individual Scientists.
8.1 The Wave Model: Responses
8.2 Drs. T.R. Hesketh and J.C. Metcalfe (Cambridge University)
8.3 Dr. G. Koch (MRC, Cambridge)
8.4 Dr. D. Bray (MRC, London)
8.5 Dr. M.S. Bretscher (MRC, Cambridge)
8.6 Overseas Workers
8.7 Prof. M. P. Sheetz (Duke University, N.C., USA)
8.8 Prof. K. Jacobsen (Univ. of N. Carolina, USA)
8.9 What does it all Mean?
Summary

Chapter 9 Correspondence: Scientific Institutions.
9.1 Institutions
9.2 Cambridge University
9.3 Academic Freedom and Responsibility
9.4 The MRC, Prof. W. Gratzer
9.5 The MRC, Sir Aaron Klug
9.6 The MRC, Sir Dai Rees
9.7 What does it all Mean?
Summary

Chapter 10 Correspondence: Scientific Journals.
10.1 The Scientific Press
10.2 Nature - Past Practice
10.3 Nature - the Correspondence
10.4 Nature - Public Position
10.5 Nature - Response to "A Habit of Lies"
10.6 Response to Nature
10.7 Nature - Sir Peter Swinnerton-Dyer
10.8 Science
10.9 Science - Public Stance
10.10 What does it All Mean?
Summary

Chapter 11 Why the Wave Model Matters.
11.1 Why does the Wave Model Matter?
11.2 The Three Models as Paradigms
11.3 The Movement of Legless Animals
11.4 The Movement of Cells
11.5 Is the Wave Model Academic?
11.6 The Price of Suppression
11.7 Paradigms and the Assessment of Science
Summary

Chapter 12 Philosophy - Scientific, Ethical & Political
12.1 Ethics
12.2 Kantian Metaethics
12.3 Ethical Systems
12.4 The Principles of Scientific Ethics
12.5 Truth and Knowledge
12.6 Rights and Responsibilities
12.7 Responsibilities of Scientists
12.8 The Responsibilities of Institutions
12.9 US Code of Practice
12.10 Journalistic Ethics
12.11 Hitler and Machiavelli
12.12 Political Model of Science
12.13 Logic, Metalogic and Rules
12.14 Normlessness or Anomie
Summary

Chapter 13 Psychology of Science.
13.1 Psychology and Human Evolution
13.2 Established Scientific Theories Behave like Social Norms
13.3 Individual Bias in the Retention of Theories
13.4 Individual Biases in Viewing the External World
13.5 Text and Subtext
13.6 Individual Failures in Logic (The Wason Task)
13.7 Group Distortions of Judgement - Authority
13.8 Group Distortions of Judgement - Group Pressure
13.9 Group Distortions of Judgement - Consensus
13.10 Dissonance and Social Groups
13.11 Why does Science Work at All?
13.12 Two Responses to the Heretic
13.13 Prejudice
13.14 Memes and the Obstacle Course of Ideas
Summary

Chapter 14 Episodes from Scientific History.
14.1 Episodes from History
14.2 The Sophists
14.3 Galileo
14.4 Isaac Newton
14.5 John Harrison and the Longitude Committee
14.6 Semmelweiss
14.7 Alfred Weggener (1880-1930)
14.8 Robert Millikan
14.9 Frederick Banting
14.10 Paul Kammerer
14.11 Linguistic Philosophy - Wittgenstein's Hideaway
14.12 Robert Ardrey and the Psychologists
14.13 Linus Pauling
14.14 Immanuel Velikovsky
14.15 Felig and Soman
14.16 Peter Mitchell
14.17 Robert Gullis
14.18 Creationism
14.19 Rupert Sheldrake
14.20 Robert Gallo
14.21 Peter Duesberg
14.22 The Reputation of Science
Summary

Chapter 15 Sociology of Science.
15.1 Sociology
15.2 Elites and Class
15.3 Vilfredo Pareto
15.4 Social Darwinism and Political Ethics
15.5 Power
15.6 Emile Durkheim
15.7 Max Weber - God, Capitalism and Science
15.8 Ideology and Utopia
15.9 The Sociology of Science
15.10 Magic, Witchcraft and Science
15.11 Scientific Power and Knowledge
15.12 Michel Foucault
15.13 Scientific Deviance
15.14 Innovation and Labelling
15.15 Power and Organisational Culture
15.16 The Importance of Written Codes
15.17 Peer Review, Citation Analysis and Academic Power
15.18 Satisficing Criteria
15.19 Bounded Rationality and Groupthink
15.20 Social Perspectives and the Rules of Dialogue
15.21 The Field is the Principle Administrative Unit of Science
15.22 The Role of Deviance
15.23 Rationalism and Authoritarianism
15.24 Science as an Authoritarian Regime
15.25 Logic and Responsibility
15.26 Authoritarian Exclusion
15.27 The ORI and Investigations of Scientific Malpractice
Summary

Chapter 16 Conclusions.
16.1 Conclusions
16.2 What Should be done about the Cytoskeletal Model?
16.3 Authoritarianism in Capping
16.4 Playing God
16.5 Perhaps the Wave Model is Wrong?
16.6 Scientific Responsibility, Meaning and Subtext
16.7 Wish List
16.8 Closure

Glossary List of terms Used.
Bibliography List of References Cited.

This is the large table of contents for "A Habit of Lies - How Scientists Cheat" by John A. Hewitt
© Copyright John A Hewitt.
For contact information, see copyright page.
Last Modified 1 June 2004