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Thursday May 9th 1461 The Westminster Chronicle Issue 24

Editor: Master William Caxton of the Worshipful Company of the Merchant Venturers

Address: Westminster, at the Sign of the Red Lion

 

Party of the Year!

 

Royal Banquet at Windsor!

 

As promised at the time of her return just over two weeks ago, the King tonight holds a formal banquet to welcome his Queen home from her pilgrimage to Rome.

Under normal circumstances, a major Royal social event would be organised by the Steward and Chamberlain of the Household but with the current reshuffle still incomplete, the Duke of Buckingham as President of the Council took the task upon himself and a splendid job he's made of it, too, with a magnificent spectacle reputedly costing more than £500!

Standing in the minstrel's gallery, I note the presence of a huge slice of our nobility; practically everybody who is anybody, seated strictly according to precedence: the King with the Queen and Prince of Wales as the guests of honour; the Archbishop of Canterbury; the dukes of Norfolk (with Duchess) and Buckingham; the earls of Oxford, Pembroke, Arundel, Rutland, Shrewsbury, Kendal, Wiltshire, Worcester and Essex; Viscount Beaumont; the bishops of Rochester, London, Winchester, St. David's and Exeter; lords Bolebec, Grey de Wilton, Lovel, Delaware, Zouche, Bohun, Sudeley, Stourton, Rivers (with the Dowager Duchess of Bedford) and Egremont; the abbots of Abingdon, Reading, St. Augustine's of Canterbury, Waltham and Westminster and the Prior of the Knights of St. John. The 2000 commoners include the Mayor of London with several aldermen and Otto von Danzig, the Hanseatic League's envoy to England, together with the ambassador of the King of Denmark and a representative from the Duke of Burgundy.

The Earl of Oxford is the Master of Ceremonies, as Great Chamberlain and Premier Earl, introducing entertainment for the Queen and Prince of Wales, including morality plays by the London Guilds and the king's minstrels, (newly reformed after disbanding a year ago). All performances bring rapturous applause from their Graces on the High Table.

The Queen wears the fine velvet gown made for her actual return a fortnight ago and the young Prince of Wales is resplendent in his superb Italianate armour but the most magnificent figure is that of the Duke of Buckingham in a midnight blue doublet featuring his devices picked out in minute stitching of silver thread with many pearls and moonstones and an enormous silver ring set with previous stones. He is highly visible as he goes about the tables, high and low, and I notice he's paying particular attention to his fellow members of government: the Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Essex and Bishop Neville of Exeter and the Mayor of London. Laughing, joking, flattering; he's the life and soul of the party.

But despite from the spectacle, all reserve the greatest praise for the food, the menu reading as follows:

First course (boiled meats): frumenty with venison, vyaund cyprys (wine with sugar and spices, thickened with flour, and ground chicken), boiled capons, swan, pheasant, peacock, pomys en gele (minced meatballs in jelly), pork lechemete (sliced pork), tart royal, a subtlety in the shape of a leopard.

Second course (roasted meats): vyaund ryal (sweetened and spiced wine, thickened with rice flour), blandyssorye (a white soup with almond milk and ground pullet), piglets, kid, crane, venison, heron, stuffed fish, partridge, crustade ryal (quiche), a subtlety in the shape of a dolphin.

Third course (fried meats): mammenye ryal (minced chicken in almond milk and spiced wine), bittern, curlew, pigeon, coney, plovers, quails, larks, beef lechmete, frytours lumbard (filled pastries), jelly, a subtlety in the shape of an eagle.

The only low spot amidst all this opulence is the crockery, the banquet being served mainly on pewter, those few items of plate borrowed for the purpose from Reading Abbey being for the sole personal use of the Royal family; the King's own plate still rumoured to be in hock to various Royal creditors.

However, despite the bareness of the cupboard, everyone has had a most splendid time and, as the festivities wind down for the evening, the poor are already gathering at the doors where shortly the king shall distribute the trenchers and leftovers together with a considerable sum in alms.

 

 

The Scots War

All news arriving from the north in the last two weeks is bad: Roxburgh, Norham and Wark have fallen and King James besieges Berwick with cannon. Meanwhile, the Earl of Northumberland as Warden of the North is experiencing considerable difficulty in keeping his army from Leicester in the field and adverse winds have prevented vital artillery from reaching him.

 

Stop Press – unconfirmed reports claim Percy is about to engage the Scots even as we go to print!

 

 

Parliament called to York

Writs issued today under the Great Seal call for a Parliament at York on June 18th, in 40 days. The venue allows peers involved in the Scots war to attend with least interference with their military duties. As yet, there is no agenda but the trials of certain peers on treason charges are a likely feature.

One question on everyone's lips is the possibility of taxes to pay for the Scots war. The Duke of Buckingham is known to dislike involving the Commons in mainstream government so the fact a Parliament has been called, as opposed to a Great Council, may indicate a fifteenth and tenth will be requested.

 

 

Business News

Shares in East Coast shipping rose sharply this week. A spokesman for shipping interests said, "It's the war. The coastal mercantile fleet is shipping food and material to Percy, at a cost of over £110 a day. This is an unexpected fillip. War usually kills trade."

The government is mobilising the Cinque Ports and Royal fleets to further augment sealift. However, the Mayor of London expressed some doubts, "Oo's goin' ter pay fer it all, ven? Only ver tax-payer, vat's wot!" How long the treasury can maintain this level of expenditure remains to be seen.

 

 

The Privy Council – by Peter Hansard

The Privy Council spent two weeks in continuous session to clear the backlog of administration as well as deal with the current crises. The Crown officers: Buckingham (President) and Norfolk (Earl Marshal); Chancellor Neville; Treasurer Essex; the earls of Oxford (Great Chamberlain), Arundel (Chamberlain of Chester); lord Bolebec (Keeper of the Tower) and Archdeacon Booth of Richmond (Privy Seal) were joined by the earls of Shrewsbury and Wiltshire; the bishops of Winchester and St. David's; lords Grey de Wilton, Lovel, Delaware, Zouche, Bohun, Sudeley, Stourton, Rivers, Egremont and Sir Christopher Talbot. Prior d'Aunay of the Knights of St. John also attended yesterday to formally complain of Percy's attack on the order's manor of Newland.

Matters discussed are thought to fall under several headings: the Scots war (obviously a priority), the navy, the Household and other public offices, the various commissions of inquiry, public order and judicial matters. Obviously, the minutes are classified but the Privy Council's public announcements and published writs are very revealing.

Archdeacon Booth is voluntarily stepping down as Privy Seal. Said Thomas Bird, Bishop of St. David's, who replaces him, "John has done a sterling job this last year. I would say he did much to ameliorate the extremities of the late Duke of York's tyranny but the personal cost has left him exhausted. However, he comes from a most stellar family and, as with any archdeacon of Richmond, I'm sure he will join his brothers on the episcopal bench in due course. Meanwhile, I hope to bring fresh energy to the office of Privy Seal."

Meanwhile, the lack of pronouncement on the Household and Welsh offices reveals the intensity of debate on these issues.

Some councillors are concerned over the inactivity of some of the commissions of inquiry established almost a month ago with only the Beaufort commission underway.

Warrants against the earls of Devon and Wiltshire, Viscount Beaumont, lords Roos and Montagu, Sir John Crowmer and Andrew Trollope are rescinded and prisoners released but the warrants against Lord Grey de Powys and Sir John Ogle indicate the gaols won't be empty for long.

Finally, the government is committed to supporting Percy, despite grave concerns both morally and financially.

 

 

Other Home News

The Earl of Oxford is granted the precedence of premier earl, ahead of all other earls. Precedence within a given rank is traditionally based upon date of creation, the older title having precedence. However, tradition was turned on its head in 1449 when his writ of creation artificially granted the Earl of Warwick precedence ahead of all other earls. In 1453, the King ennobled his brothers, the earls of Richmond and Pembroke, granting them precedence ahead of even Warwick. This matter has been a bone of contention for Oxford ever since. This latest grant can therefore be seen as an attempt to mollify him, though it does not represent a return to traditional practices as Richmond, Pembroke and Warwick still retain their positions ahead of other earls, some of whom, Arundel for example, are of ancient antiquity.

A warrant has been issued for the arrest of Lord Grey de Powys on charges of high treason in that he did commit an offence against the succession in raising arms against the Prince of Wales at Rhuddlan.

The office of the Privy Seal has exonerated Viscount Berners of all blame for the escape from the Tower of London of the Earl of Shrewsbury and Viscount Beaumont last Christmas.

The Beaufort inquiry into breaches of law and order in the West Country swung into action in Exeter with a week of 'gaol delivery' hearings. In reply to questions regarding the triviality of most cases and the lack of charges against the Earl of Devon, Lord Harington commented, 'the rumours of comital felonies in the shire of Devon have been greatly exaggerated. In fact, aside from a single charge against the Earl of Warwick, we expect no charges of this nature in Exeter. I'm afraid most of the commission's work will be very mundane and of little interest to the public."

Despite stringent enforcement of law and order, bandits are reported in Essex and Gloucestershire. "It's the Robin Hood syndrome," commented sheriff Dymoke of Gloucester, "some peasants get it into their heads that it's noble to thieve for a living. Of course, they steal from the rich and keep it all themselves but it's a real problem for law enforcement."

A source close to government has revealed that the Duke of Norfolk has given substantial donations to relieve the suffering of the people of Leicester.

 

 

Church News

With great regret, the Bishop of London earlier this week announced the death of Zanobius Mullakyn, archdeacon of Essex. Winner of the Archbishop Aelfric Puttoc annual competition for the Silliest Name in the Church of England for a record 26 consecutive years, Master Mullakyn will be best remembered for the spirited defence of his title against the challenge of Marinus Ursinus, archdeacon of Wiltshire from 1452 until his death in 1457, but for most of his career Zanobius knew no rivals. “He spread so much happiness wherever he went,” commented Bishop Kemp of London, wiping away a tear, “I don’t know where we’ll find anyone to replace him. He will be sorely missed.”

Applications for the post of archdeacon of Essex, along with the other vacant archdeaconries: Exeter, Gloucester, Huntingdon, Merioneth and Nottingham should be submitted to the relevant bishops. Entries for this year’s Silliest Name in the Church of England competition should be submitted to Archbishop Bourchier of Canterbury before Midsummer.

 

 

The Weather: Father Johannus Predicts - 67% Accuracy!

A very changeable fortnight indeed; even when the weather remained broadly similar from day-to-day, the winds that brought it veered all over the compass, making sea journeys difficult and unpredictable.

It opened much as expected with blustery showers until the end of April brought a dry spell that even turned into a minor heat-wave for May 3rd/4th. However, the last five days have showers, overcast dry skies, sleet and heavy downpours before today's fine and mild weather, perfect for all outdoors activities and fireworks.

This time of year is known for its unsettled weather and we can expect things to become more predictable as spring wears into summer. Accuracy this week was 36%.

Father Johannus says, “Tomorrow’s weather will be just like today’s.”

 

 

Foreign News

Stop Press! – an unconfirmed rumour claims King Charles IV of Navarre has been poisoned and is liken to die.

 

 

Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York in Memoriam

 

In my father, Providence sent our fair realm a man of uncommon courage, vision and determination. His loyalty to the Crown was absolute and his devotion to the public weal constant. He loved the King, his liege and cousin; the commons loved him.

No blame for the disasters lately suffered in France rested with my father. It was his hope to restore the glory of England and so strong was his belief in the necessity of good governance that he manfully took on the burden of returning the country to its former prosperity at home and prestige abroad. That burden was inevitably increased by His Grace the King's lamentable, but thankfully temporary, periods of incapacity, when thrice my Father dutifully served as Lord Protector.

If he had faults, as all mortal men have, these were of the heart rather than the head. Such was the clarity of his vision of what needed to be done, and his zeal for action, that he was, perhaps, too impatient with the necessary mechanisms of the State. Whilst speedy action may often times be needed it is also true that good governance must be nurtured in order that it take root in the hearts of all good men and flourish.

The manner of his passing demonstrates the desperate urgency of my father’s cause. An oath-breaker and law-breaker has taken up arms within the country and struck directly at the authority of the Crown. He has abandoned the customs and usages of war and brought rape and pillage upon his fellow countrymen, whilst inviting aliens within the Realm. Never has good governance been more in demand and we call upon the lords, knights and esquires of England to unite and respond to this vile affront to Royal dignity and the public weal, and upon the prelates of both provinces to denounce the offence to God and the Church.

The realm is now beset by the Scots. Our duty is clear and the King's Peace must be restored so that justice and prosperity might be enjoyed by all. We look to the Privy Council to give a noble lead and trust in the wisdom of its advice to His Grace the King.

Providence has seen fit to take my father from amongst us, his beloved family, and out of the realm that he cherished so dearly, to another Realm, yet more glorious. He will be buried at Fotheringay, in the College established by our illustrious forebear Edmund Langley, first Duke of York, where prayers are said daily for the good estate and for the souls of the King, Queen, Prince of Wales, the Duke of York, and all the royal family. March

 

 

Letters (a much smaller postbag than usual)

 

Dear Editor, once again I am forced to waste time whilst marching north to tackle the heathen Scots to write about your rather poor and highly impartial publication. After receiving kind words from Her Grace, the Queen I have modified my reasonable requests of the council and no doubt Mr Hansard will be reporting my equally reasonable requests to your readers in this very issue of your rag. York may not be alive to confirm my report of events at Leicester but the Duke of Suffolk, Lord Hastings, Sir Thomas Cornwall, the Bishops of Lincoln, Ely and Coventry & Lichfield are so I suggest you address any concerns over my report to them, sir!

I assure your readers that I am even now marching northwards to destroy the evil Scots that infest our northern counties. I will not rest until Edinburgh itself is ablaze.

Yours Henry Earl of Northumberland, etc, etc…

Editor: Dear me! How could we get so overwrought over one small town? Incidentally, though the Scots are evil, they are not heathens but beloved by Christ, unlike those fighting against them; some may think it terrible that our salvation lies in such hands. I have no doubt Edinburgh may soon resemble Leicester, God willing.

 

 

Master Caxton, now that the realm once again enjoys the favours of True Governance, I have made great efforts in Wales to collect funds for stage 2 of the Crusade. I need only the word and I’ll be saddling up and riding out of Raglan to wars points North, South East and West against the Saracens.

I trust the new Governance punishes those guilty of excesses and rewards those who showed great prudence in the latest troubles. The Duke of Buckingham should be encouraged to maintain the new Governance and to reconcile the Sons of York to the new political dispensation.

God Save King Henry! May God Grant him a long and fruitful reign once again with his trusted servants by his side. I am ready to sharpen my sword on Saracen heads if the Lord Northumberland leads us.

Lord Herbert of Raglan.

Editor: Er…stage 2? What happened to stage 1? How many stages are there? It seems Lord Herbert went to the same school as Percy; Saracens are not found in the north, they're almost entirely confined to the Holy Land, in fact – which is at the far end of the Mediterranean, by the way. However, I too can only hope those guilty of excesses are punished.

 

 

Forms of Address

In our modern, status-conscious society, it is vital to address everyone in a manner suiting their station. Yeomen and serfs are merely required to touch forelock politely and say 'sire' liberally when called upon (speaking only when spoken to) but for those finding themselves in polite society, correct address will be expected on all formal occasions. Failing to use correct style will betray you as a social upstart and you will be treated accordingly.

From the top, the Pope is styled 'Holiness', with a Cardinal 'Eminence' and the Emperor 'Majesty'. Our own King, Queen, Prince of Wales, archbishops and dukes are all styled 'your Grace' in formal address. Earls, viscounts and barons are formally styled 'my lord', as is a duke, informally but when addressing your personal lord, it is best to use the phrase 'my liege', recognising the feudal bond. Gentry are addressed as 'sir' or 'sire', whether or not dubbed. Some Crown officers have the style of 'lordship' or 'honour' by right of office but generally all lower ranks receive the style 'hey you'. Some townsfolk seem to think they deserve better but remember even the richest merchant is at heart just a tradesman and should be treated accordingly by a true gentleman.

Using these simple phrases will enable you to shine in even the most prestigious society garden party.

 

 

The Mechanisms of Government – The Writing Offices

 

Modern government demands instructions to junior officials, reports to senior officials and records, all in writing. Until this last century, all writing was in the hands of the church and therefore the task of writing the King's letters fell to literate clergy in the Curia Regis from even before the Conquest. These clergy became the highly organised departments of Chancery and Exchequer [Treasury], with their own procedures, methods, records and offices in Westminster.

Chancery was already an organised institution by 1200, keeping copious records in files of loose documents and the Charter, Close, Fine, Gascon, Parliament, Patent, Redisseisin, Scotch, Statute and Treaty rolls.

The Chancellor, the King's foremost official, is usually a bishop with wide experience in the Royal bureaucracy, heading over a hundred staff. The Master of the Rolls is his deputy, with a staff of 6 clerks; 11 masters of Chancery each have a staff of 3, many of whom specialise; for example the prothonotary is an authority on diplomatic practice; 12 clerks of the second grade each have one assistant and beneath them there's 24 cursitors, doing the mundane work of copying and transcribing form letters. Finally there's the menial staff: the spigurnel (in charge of sealing), the chafewax (who heats the wax) and the porters (because books are heavy).

The Chancellor holds the Great Seal and uses it to authorise the most solemn letters: grants of land, title or office (great or small); summons to Parliament, pardons, and foreign treaties.

But Chancery is not just a secretariat, it is also a court; not of law but of equity, where decisions are based on the fairness of an individual case rather than a point of law. It has become the heart of the Royal bureaucracy and the main instrument of government, enacting the King's will.

Chancery's growing complexity forced it to find permanent premises in Westminster. However, the King still needed a secretarial staff with his person and so King John created the office of Privy Seal, intended to serve as his personal writing office and so functioning for the course of the 13th Century.

Chancery's formal organisation and established procedure led to inflexibility and the mounting workload caused by the rising complexity of administration in the early 14th Century led to the Privy Seal office taking up the slack. Though overburdened, Chancery fought this encroachment but the need for flexibility and quickness of response meant the growth of the Privy Seal's importance was inevitable and today the Keeper of the Privy Seal is the third great official of the realm behind the Chancellor and Treasurer.

The Keeper, like the Chancellor, is invariably a clergyman, usually a bishop or archdeacon (until 1415, he was always an archdeacon who resigned when made a bishop). His staff is tiny compared the other great officers; a dozen clerks and perhaps as many again apprentices and menials. Their task is to serve as a 'clearing house' for the central administration, a general function, the Privy Seal lending formal authority to directives from King and Council. Chancery will rarely act without a writ under Privy Seal and Exchequer never will. The Privy Seal also has authority under its own right for all but the most formal matters. The Great Seal may appoint officers but they get their orders under the Privy Seal and it also authorises their wages.

A senior clerk of the Privy Seal serves as the clerk of the Privy Council and there are close links between the two. The Keeper (a Privy Councillor by right) may refer any Royal warrant under the Signet or sign manual (the Royal signature) to the Privy Council for consideration (the Council since 1406 has claimed a right to vet all warrants sent to Chancery before sealing, though strong Kings find this no problem).

The Privy Seal appoints to the Privy Council and summons the Great Council, though not Parliament. It has important influence in diplomatic procedures too, particularly when the King sends a personal envoy on discrete matters, rather than a formal embassy with treaties in mind. It can also halt judicial proceedings in the Marshal and Constable's Court of Chivalry but generally the Privy Seal is the communications channel between departments of government.

The growth of the Privy Seal office took a load off Chancery but in doing so it also developed procedure and a need for records that tied it to offices at Westminster. Though never as ponderous as Chancery, it nonetheless became too slow for the King's needs in time of crisis and in any case he still needed his own secretariat when away from London.

Thus in the last century the Signet office has developed apace. King Richard II proved the catalyst by using the Signet to create a more personal style of rule. He built the Signet into a true 'office', with its own clerks from 1385, but his tendency to use it to interfere in judicial proceedings and circumvent the established organs of government caused resentment contributing to his downfall in 1399 and a backlash against the Signet under Henry IV.

But the Signet was too useful to be sidelined for long and Henry V found its flexibility and adaptability invaluable in organising his French campaigns. The Signet, alone of the writing offices, remains an adjunct of Court, moving with the King. When abroad, it is often the only seal available. Since the Signet is the personal writing office of the King, its influence depends directly on the explicit authority of the monarch: a weak king means a weak Signet and the office is nonexistent during a minority.

A staff of 4 clerks and 2 – 4 apprentices is headed by the Secretary, who carries the Signet. The Secretary is never a bishop but usually a clergyman of ability and ambition aiming at higher office.

Although not technically a writing office, the Exchequer or Treasury, like Chancery, also keeps copious written records and resides in offices in Westminster with a staff of over 100 divided into two departments; the Lower Exchequer, which receives and issues money, and the Upper Exchequer where accounts are rendered on a chequered cloth (hence the name).

If Chancery is ponderous, the Treasury is monumental, chasing debts over generations with the oldest cases going back 200 years (yes, Mrs Wormold, I assure you the cheque is in the post). But it has other functions: as custodian of important documents and the King's treasure, acting as a land agent for the Crown. Very occasionally, it even produces a balance sheet (last time in 1433). The Treasurer, once always a cleric, is now invariably a lay magnate.

Unlike Chancery, Exchequer and Privy Seal, the Signet clerks receive cash wages. The staff of the other offices receive annual gifts of clothes and occasional benefits but must support themselves principally by selling their services to people who need action in government. Therefore, getting the wheels of government to work in your favour is a slow and expensive business with payments to be made at every stage. [Thanks to Neil Coates and A L Brown's 'The Governance of Late Medieval England'. Next issue: the conciliar courts]

 

 

 Court & Social

The King, Queen and Prince of Wales spent the last two weeks at Windsor Castle. The King remains in a rude good health, working with his Privy Council to restore his kingdom to the fair conciliar rule his subjects have come to expect and the Royal family will be enjoying a formal banquet to celebrate their reunion after the Queen's return from pilgrimage to Rome.

The Court is expected to be moving to Westminster or London in the near future but a specific date has yet to be set.

 

 

Appointments

The Earl of Oxford is granted the precedence of premier earl of the realm ahead of Warwick, Richmond and Pembroke and behind all dukes.

Bishop Bird of St. David's is appointed Keeper of the Privy Seal, replacing John Booth, Archdeacon of Richmond.

(The Westminster Chronicle was hoping to announce the new Household officers of Steward and Lord Chamberlain but apparently all prospective candidates failed at interview and the posts are re-advertised; only peers need apply.)

 

 

Births, marriages & deaths

The social event of the year, the wedding of Henry Beaufort Duke of Somerset and Lady Elizabeth Beauchamp de St. Amand is only fifteen days away, scheduled for Pentecost, which this year falls on May 24th. The venue is to be the beautiful cathedral of Salisbury.

 

Died April 29th, Zanobius Mullakyn, archdeacon of Essex, peacefully in his sleep.

 

 

 

The Muckraker

 

Extracts from a diary found on a midden near Windsor by the Westminster Chronicle's fearless investigative reporters…

 

Dear Diary

Spent the day trying to learn about Scotland. Apparently we are at war again. Humpy says not to worry as everything is under control and the Earl of Northumberland and all his retainers are going north to sort them out. I looked at the map I got from that Italian fellow who wanted me to buy that “time share” thingy in Cathay or Atlantis or wherever and found Northumberland is in the north! Asked Humpy what the Earl’s retainers were doing in the south and he started to explain but I got rather lost…

…Master Johnson tells me that the Scots are a savage lot who do not wear hose, eat fodder rather than bread and drink until they fall over – which doesn’t sound very nice. However, they can’t be all bad because it turns out the Scots don’t like that horrid game 'football' either! Humpy says it's because they don’t have enough swedes…

 

Dear Diary

These doctors of physick are definitely a strange bunch of fellows! One has written to me about my little problem and suggested I try something called “alternative medicine”. Apparently it involves drilling holes into one’s head and doing things to one’s lobes, though what the ears have to do with anything I really don’t know. Frankly, it all sounded a little strange and I will stick to the leeches…

…Oh dear! Now Humpy tells me that his physician says there should be a “recommended daily intake” of leeches and that the government should stop people having too many. Dear Johnnie Norfolk muttered something about his nanny which I didn’t catch…

 

Dear Diary

Saw cousin Cecily and her daughter Margaret today. Said I was sorry about Dickie (didn’t really mean it – had my fingers crossed!) but young Margaret looked very pretty and rather sad so perhaps I shall be nice to her and her mother. That fellow Egremont (don’t like him – eyes set too close together) made some comment about “plucking York’s roses” which I didn’t understand but Humpy looked cross with him…

 

Dear Diary

Margaret tells me there may be war between France and Burgundy and if there is we should do whatever cousin Charles tells us; she calls it “standing shoulder to shoulder”. I asked if the French might help us with the Scots but she just stared and said I did not understand how things worked…

…When I told Johnnie that Margaret wanted us to help France like some sort of fierce war or hunting dog he just groaned and said it would lose something in the translation…

 

[The Westminster Chronicle wishes to make it clear that we have absolutely no idea who wrote this 'diary' and it was only put on the Court and Social page for reasons of space.]

 

 

 Court Gossip

"I for one will not bow to the demands of a peer whose hands are tarnished with the blood of English commoners and who travels without the Grace of God…" An unidentified angry voice heard through the doors of the Privy Council chamber at Windsor.

 

Essex to Warwick before he fled Gloucester: "I am a sheep in sheep's clothing, forgive me”

 

Essex about Warwick and his ships: "What could he hope to achieve now except to be sunk in a bigger and more expensive ship this time"

 

Mayor of London about Essex: "A Lord Treasurer that robs Peter to pay Paul can always depend on the support of Paul."

[Ed: doesn't sound like the Mayor to me.]

 

"Democracy is too good to share with just anybody." Supposedly the Duke of Norfolk

 

"In democracy everyone has the right to be represented, even Warwick." Earl of Shrewsbury to a friend

 

When his army was scattered, the fleet rebelling and his friend Essex deserted him, Warwick knelt down on the ground of the castle at Gloucester and yelled up to the heavens, "Why god? Why me?" and the thundering voice of God answered, "There's just something about you that annoys the hell out of me."

 

 

 

What the Other Papers Say

 

The Edinburgh based “Sassanach Booty” magazine has printed a special ‘Borders’ edition listing the goods and chattels seized at Roxburgh. The magazine’s editor Hamish McHaul predicts there will be a right royal celebration. “Meg Mon will be there – mark my words…”

 

The new ‘Margaret’ magazine has encountered distribution problems south of the Trent. One seller and his magazine stock were burnt together when he tried to sell them in Warwick. Some blame the cover showing Queen Margaret with her foot planted on Warwick and Essex’s neck and the shadow of a man holding a larger chopper. Others allege that the magazine in question was actually the extremely lewd ‘Varlet” publication that has since ceased operation due to most of its editorial staff being hung at Stratford.

 

 ‘My Liege’ is boasting that it has secured exclusive rights to the marriage of Prince Edward of Wales and ‘a very rich young lady from an ancient and noble family.” This has lead to speculation that Prince Edward will marry a Valois princess in exchange for French support in the recent return of the queen. The magazine’s new editor - LeMotte de Cambronne denies the magazine will maintain its fabled independence. However those not hung for working on a secret ‘Royal Richard III’ edition are expected to be executed for treason as a warning about against ‘blaspheming hacks’.

 

Rival ‘Courtly Love’ magazine insists there has been no decision about the proposed nuptials for the Prince of Wales. They have instead illustrated the latest issue with two pages of the eligible princesses and their dowries. “Prince Edward of Wales is Christendom’s most eligible – if young bachelor," says the magazine's editor Lady Anna de Wintour. "I am sure there will be many embassies coming to London to seek an important marital alliance. It will be a time of much gaiety and dressing up to impress over this coming summer.”

Regarded as ‘the bible of tiltyard’ – the immoral ‘International Tourney Magazine' has denied rumours that it is to merge with 'One Man and His Lance' after the current issue. It is reported the magazine financially overstretched itself when it bought the rights to ‘The International Bastard’s Cup’ for the next five years. “They overestimated how many bastards there were out there", said a source at ‘Knights of Fourtune’. “It seems most want to sharpen their lances on Turks, heretics and peasant rebels, right now." However others suggest the magazine will survive thanks to its high female readership. Last month’s issue showing a woodcut of the Bastard of Orleans measuring the length of his lance was a sell out.

After a fall in advertising following the outbreak of war, 'International Tourney' is said to have financially overstretched itself "like a heretic on the rack" by buying the rights to cover tourneys in England.

It seems their previous agreement was with the Duke of York but now with real battles going on, it is predicted attendance at some tourneys will be "very poor". Despite promotions like free surcoats, shoes and a knitted monkey to those willing to pre-pay to guarantee a good seat in the tiltyard arena, it is widely predicted that ITM will going into administration and its owners into the debtors' prison.

 

Press Release from York Press!

York Press in association with Percy Publications announces the launch in May of this year of a new monthly publication entitled ‘Our Friends in the North’ for the illumination of current affairs in the North for those of our brethren forced to live outside ‘God’s Own Country’. We hope that the magazine will also help foster better relations between the South and the North. Highlights of our first publication include the following articles:

‘The Campaign Trail’ – a personal account of recent events by Walter of Norham, helmet polisher and boot keeper to the Earl of Northumberland.

‘Northumberland Kitchen’: The Countess of Northumberland takes our social reporter Mistress Lincoln Green around her splendid kitchen gardens reputed to have cost more than £15.

‘Our Gracious Queen’ - a portrait of Queen Margaret written specially for us by the noble Lord Egremont.

‘From Matins to Evensong’ – A Day in the Life of the Bishop of Durham by our religious affairs correspondent, the Venerable Bede.

We hope that readers of the Westminster Chronicle will enjoy this alternative and complimentary publication from May of this year.

 

 

Announcements

 

'My Yorkie Lies Over the Ocean,' 'Goodbye to English Roast Beef,’ and 'We Will Return?' are on sale for ‘committed’ Yorkists from the usual back street sellers. The man found singing 'Harry Be a French Woman’s Cuckold' was placed in the stocks with his tongue cut off and nailed above his head.

 

The new play 'I’ll take Northern England Thank You' will now go ahead as planned at the City of the York. The Lord Percy Players are said to be looking forward to the show and have already pre-booked all the best seats.

 

The late Government’s robes of state are to be auctioned at Cheapside to pay for recent expenses. Highest bids are expected for an ermine robe embossed with the initials ‘Rex Dickon Plantagenet' are expected to raise the most money despite some queries regarding the gown’s provenance.

 

It is claimed that the demon called ‘Dennis’ has been found in Norwich and placed in a glass bottle pending theological tests. It was previously associated with Margaret the Fair Maid of Stoke until she was executed in Leicester by the late Duke of York.

 

A man claiming to be the late Duke of Norfolk has been detained for further examination. He was wearing the Mowbray coat of arms and even had the famous ‘Mowbray’ walk but the authorities at Southampton Prison say a spell on the rack will soon bring the man to his senses.

 

 

Classified Advertisements – for sale!

 

Prefab castle - does just what it says on the tin. Available in three sizes: siege, standard, and monumental. Apply to Earl of Essex Business Enterprises. “Perfect for dealing with those rebellious lords” - MR, Windsor. “My grandfather bought a monumental, and we’re still paying for it” - RN, Warwick.

 

Stoke’s latest singing sensation - troubadour Robyn Williams. Catch him on his Home Counties Tour as he sings his latest hits, including 'Plantagenets', 'Millennium and a Half', and 'Ain’t That a Kick in the Head', with a Richard Plantagenet look-a-like.

 

New McBiccies' 'Alhambra' sweetmeats; distinctly Moorish.

 

'Is it because I ‘as a tail?' - James IV of Scotland on why it is so hard to gain social acceptance south of the border. Price 1 groat for this fine leaflet, apply Alnwick castle.

 

'The Taming of the Shrewsbury' - new play from Gloucester by the author of works of biological ethnography - 'Talbot – dog or fish?' - and surgery 'Lance that Boil'. To be seen playing around the Court, no guarantee offered for crowd safety.

 

'Whither Willoughby? Up above or down below?' – new tract on the dangers of dying excommunicate. 1 gloat groat, PO Box 42.

 

Holiday cottage in Northumberland. Recent Scottish visitors left barely four walls standing but might interest some hardy soul who likes DIY and straw. PO box 91

 

Blood of Christ: a phial of the Saviour’s blood on sale. Provenance and ownership chart provided. Said to have been collected by Nigel of Antioch on pilgrimage. PO Box 120

 

Devil’s prayer cards. Tarot set from Italy. Hand painted by new kid from Florence called ‘Botticelli’. PO box 934

Ball and Chain: recently attached to leg of loyal Lancastrian liberated from Gloucester. Will fit any traitor. PO box 712

 

French Fashions. The French import house ‘Alors Mercado’ will be visiting Norwich, Ely, Peterborough, Lincoln and York. Latest fashions for English ladies and some novelty gifts for Gentlemen. Listen to Town Cryer for details on the day. PO box 309.

 

Unwanted birthday gift: book titled ‘Warwick: Man of England’. Don’t want to be seen backing the losers so for sale at very reasonable price. PO box103

 

 

Campaign Matters

 

OK, what can I say but 'sorry for the delay'. Weirdly, having found Rosewar an excellent vehicle to take my mind off being jobless in February, by the time orders were all in, the lack of structure in my day made it hard to concentrate. Paradoxically, I've found it easier to get stuck in since returning to work.

Alas, we've had a couple of dropouts. Steve Coltman found himself redundant about when I did and stress forced him to retire from the game. I understand he's now got a new job and he and Tanya will be moving soon. Similarly, Andy Sturman is starting his own company and can no longer spare the time, though he promises to check the website for the latest news from time-to-time. I wish both of them well.

So we now have Brian Wainwright as Neville and Tony Elbourne as Greystoke, I know you'll give them both a warm welcome to make up for the respective pickles they start off in. Their contact details are on the back page, as usual, but please also check out the changed addresses, emails, etc, of several regular players.

This issue sees the inclusion of a compendious essay on the writing offices, the crux of central government. This is just one of a series of articles explaining how government works in Rosewar and eventually all will be gathered on the website  in their own area, like the European gazetteer. Unlike the gazetteer, they will not reflect reality that closely as they will explain how Rosewar works, not real life. I try to make Rosewar as authentic as possible but there have to be limits.

In reply to survey feedback, I am trying to answer as many questions as possible. For anyone interested in how I work out the weather, the weather generator has actually been on the website for quite some time and soon I will insert an explanatory paragraph. A low number of contributions this turn also means I can insert a short piece on forms of address, which I know some of you have been wanting for a while. However please keep all those letters and contributions flowing, they make the Westminster Chronicle far more interesting to write, and (I hope) more interesting to read.

 

General Chat

 

Claire and I will be in London the weekend of Sept 21st along with Bourchier, Herbert, Vere, the new York and anyone who fancies taking in a few sights, not all medieval and generally have a good time. All enquiries to Ralph.

 

I've got a new job, working as an 'Advanced Customer Advisor' for the Royal Mail. I was hoping I would enjoy it but so far I've been used entirely as a data entry clerk - quite unbelievably boring. (If any of you wish to complain about the post, you'd better write than phone as RM Customer Services is in meltdown.) I am looking for other jobs and had a fruitless interview last Wednesday - I will keep trying.

More happily, Claire and I have enjoyed several excursions. We toured North Wales in March, visiting Conwy, Caernarvon, Beaumaris (unfinished but magnificent all the same) and Chirk, which, like Powys, has been converted into a stately home. We also saw Penrhyn 'castle', a Victorian conversion of an older medieval house. Not a lot left of the original but a fascinating place in its own right used in 'Remains of the Day'.

We took a day trip to Clitheroe castle in Lancashire. It's now a municipal park, complete with museum. Not the most impressive but worth an hour. Rufford Old Hall, on the other hand, southwest of Preston, is very much worth visiting.

June saw our long planned tour of the West Country. It's been a wet summer but we did all right, starting with a medieval merchant's house in Axbridge known, obscurely, as King John's hunting lodge; then a day in Exeter: castle, cathedral and medieval aquaduct tunnels. A day visiting Totnes, Berry Pomeroy, Compton and Powderham, then a walk on Dartmoor, followed by Plympton castle, the Plymouth Gin Distillery and a merchant's house. Eden Project is beautiful and I recommend it as a full-day visit (I loved the exotic scents of the Hot Temperate Biome). Then back to castles and houses with Restormel, Lanhydrock and Tintagel (spectacular). Launceton and Okehampton are fascinating but alas Tiverton (surprisingly the Courtenay seat) is in private hands and only open 2 days a week. The last two days saw us drive home via Dunster (disappointing), Cleeve Abbey (amazingly preserved), a cider farm, the magnificent Chepstow castle and the bookshops of Hay on Wye.

We recently toured Lincoln castle (huge), Bolingbroke (a lot more masonry to see than description gives credit), Tattershall (a superb piece of 15th century architecture and Belvoir (little medieval left but not bad as statelies go). Bye for now, see some of you in London this weekend. J

 

 

Next Deadline

The deadline for turn 25 orders is October 16th.

 

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