Chronology of Tunnelling in the La Boisselle Sector September 1915

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Date/ Source

Mining

Infantry

1/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Pretyman, Bowen & Mackay-White in trenches; Ptes Nicholl & Renton 6/Seaforth arr., att to No 4 Sect] 6 3” Proto Sets arrived today – two immediately sent to the trenches & one large cylinder Oxygen for reviving purposes, with India rubber tubing.

 

1/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

[179 Coy K OR 1 (gas)]

 

1/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

Not content with his performance the other day in rescuing a gassed man, Humphrys went down after another yesterday. If he hadn’t roped himself, he would have been done for, as it was he lost consciousness till long after they had him here. He has recovered now and goes back with me to our billets tomorrow. Am awfully relieved that he has got all right, as he is an A1 chap and more than reliable. But I had to talk to him like a Dutch Uncle and tell him to be content with one recommendation per week, as we couldn’t afford to have him risk himself.

 

1/9/15 wife to Alabaster

So glad to get your letter saying you were doing a rest cure, I think that its just what you want, it was nonsense to imagine you could rest where you were still in the thick of it all with the telephones going night & day.

 

2/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Strength 4 officers & 78 OR RE, 5 officers & 344 ORs Inf, 13 OR ASC, 7 OR batmen] Alabaster & Humphreys return from hosp] Question of sapping into craters referred to GOC of Infy Brigade of Boisselle sector.

 

2/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

Ordered to attach 200 men to each Tunnelling Coy.

 

2/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

Two letters from you today as a reward for returning to duty. The C.Q.M.S. brought the one of 29th to Warloy and then when I got back here there was today’s mail ready for sorting and your letter of 30th for me. I’m afraid my letters will be a bit late in getting to you this week, as they were addressed to Boscombe, I quite forgetting you were going to be at Rotherfield for a few days and then going on to Tunstall. I’ll go on sending them to Boscombe till I hear again from you to say your next move.

            I feel an awful shammer being called a casualty and people wondering how I am. Had better put a notice in the times and Mail, “Colonial and China papers please copy”, to say that it was my own carelessness and there is no need to offer condolences! The only effects now are (1) bilious attacks, brought on by tinned chicken last night, now recovered, (2) slightly sore right arm, result of inoculation. There is no scar on my forehead and the bump can hardly be felt even by me. it is ripping feeling clear in my head now; hope I didn’t say anything silly in my letters before going in to hospital, as what happened then seems rather hazy to me now.

            My company now is of about the same strength as the R.C.R. were in Halifax before the war. So there’s lots of work everyday down here and there are files of things Jones and I have half talked [?] over and are going into. It looks as if there won’t be much time for taking charge of any particular job in the trenches.  shall just keep a general control and pay visits every now and then for the good of my nerves and that of the men. The actual details even of big jobs I’ll have to leave my subalterns, and I’m jolly lucky in having such good ones. If Bosche bags any of them there’ll be trouble and I’ll be as sore as anything.

            We had a great feast tonight. your potato chips, French beans and young leeks from the garden of our billet, stewed apples and rice, green figs, grapes, plums, preserved figs, Brewer’s chocs, cake and bubbly water. Hope it doesn’t reawaken my bilious attack! You see it is Bowen’s birthday and I was hungry and things looked and were good. The chocs are greatly appreciated, thanks so much for them; and the potato chips too, they are a welcome change form wet boiled potatoes.

            Shall turn in now, as I feel rather tired and shall have a busy day tomorrow.  If I don’t start early we’ll never get through all I have to, and I want to have a ride as well, as my two horses have come. They are ripping nags, one being an absolute pet. Should like to keep them afterwards, as we could do quite well with two hunters, eh Nana?

 

2/9/15 wife to Alabaster

I wonder how your arm is feeling after the injection hope they will keep you at Warloy for sometime. Are you nearer Arras than Amiens? Bruce White writes that their trenches are full of rats & mice as well as smaller inhabitants, he began to write a letter but it was half eaten by the next day! I’d no idea the trench would have been quite so filthy. May is making you some garments to wear next to your skin which they say are awfully good in keeping away buggiwigs.

 

3/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Humphrys, Rowan & Young in trenches. Work proceeding normally.] GOC 152 Brig require experimental sap to be driven into crater between shafts D2 & D3, end to be on homeward slope a few feet above bottom of crater.

 

2/9/15 Norton Griffiths Diary Nat. Archives WO158/129

… Experience proves that all the Lts RE promoted to take Command of T.C. seem to do better than the more senior officers who probably think it is an Irishmans promotion to be appointed to command T.C.’s. [‘?’ alongside]

 

3/9/15

WO153/904 La Boisselle Plan

DSCF0251 [shaft to right of D1] Shaft blown in by Trench Mortar 3/9/15 [sic]

 

3/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

Have just got in from my first ride. Expect to be as stiff as the dickens tomorrow, as the last time was the spring before we were married. I only hope there’ll be time for a ride every day so as to keep me fit. And it was jolly lucky today that the horses were here, as it has been a bit cold and a motor bike would have froze me still more, while riding just warmed me shook up my insides and got me to one of the Brigade HdQrs and back in comfy time. shall be awfully fed up if the Bosches get too busy and bother us. They probably will now that I’ve returned.

            I slept like a top last night from 10.30 till 8.30, and am quite ready for another long night in bed now. Shall turn in directly after supper, about 9.p.m. and hope they won’t send us into the cellar.

            Am awfully glad to have Jones and such good subalterns, as the amount of work every day is appalling. without going to the trenches at all, or even looking at the men’s billets, I’ve had no time for as much as a hair cut and seeing that the last time was before leaving Rouen, my thatch is rain, sun and windproof! Jones has been busy all day tearing round the country and the other time on some job or another or else in the trenches. So that one man simply can’t get though the whole lot alone and it is a comfort to know one can have a lot of one’s subs and know things will be all right.

            I hear that the C.R.E. has recommended Humphrys and sent on the evidence, so he ought to get the M.C. at least. He isn’t married yet, but one never knows what will happen on his leave which he’ll be getting soon. My leave will probably be towards the end of October, as I hardly like to go before some of my lads who’ve been out four months already.

 

4/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [Pretyman, Bowen & Mackay-White in trenches.

At 10pm enemy bombarded with trench mortars. Head of G6 blown in – 4 men partially buried – eventually extracted – one man with one leg broken.(John Forest No 2103 [sic]

In rescue work Lt Pretyman commends the actions of iiLt Mackay White, [Sgt Price & Stretcher Bearer Bowen 1/7 B Watch]

Work proceeded normally. II Lt P J Bates reported for duty.  SRJ

 

4/9/15 153 Bde WD

 

5.30pm Enemy’s large mortars very active against Dohollou & Quemart trenches Enemy started firing large torpedoes at a range of from 700 to 800x. Trenches slightly damaged in places – one mine shaft (the most northern one in Dohollou wrecked & 7 men buried, but got out alive.

[Progress Report to 6am 3/9/15] [E3 7/BW] [patrol 9.30pm from left coy in direction of 436. only go short distance when officer shot in both hands, 2Lt G A Boothby]

[Progress report to 5/9/15] [E2 6/BW] 5.30-6.30pm about 20 large TM bombs fired into our lines, mostly in area of Dohollou, and about same number (fired in groups of 3-4 in quick succession) into Dohollou between 10.30-11.30, also large number of rifle grenades at same place. … Damage 2nd bombardment: top of mine shaft at N. end of Dohollou wrecked and 7 men imprisoned. All afterwards got out alive. …] A woman dressed in the uniform of a private soldier was arrested last night whilst proceeding from Albert in the direction of the trenches.

4/9/15 CRE 51 Div WD

 

[CRE to Albert … to 179 Coy…Capt Alabaster admitted Field Amb. Sick from Anti Tetanus[?] inoculation

4/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

[179 Coy K OR 1]

 

5/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [Kerr, Calvert & Slorach in trenches. Work proceeds normally.] Major Norton Griffiths on inspection here. [Alabaster returned to Warley Hospital on evening of 4th] At 6.30pm head of D2 blown in by trench mortars resulting in the death of [Ptes Cross & Woodcock 1/ Beds] [3 men to hospital]

In the work of rescue Lt Kerr commends the following: [2Lt Calvert, 5 ORs]

[La Boisselle plan  DSC0251 shows shaft blown in Trench Mortar 3/9/15[sic] seems to be D2 shaft]

 

5/9/15 Harrow War Memorials of the Great War Vol. 3

His Company Commander wrote:- “He had already won the admiration of all his fellow-officers on account of his absolute fearlessness and his coolness on all occasions. His name had already been brought before the authorities for conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty, when working exposed to a heavy fire in rescuing some men who were entombed.” The occasion referred to in this letter was the entombment, on September 6th [sic], of some men in a mine, the mouth of which had been broken in by a shell. working with their hands, because, the Germans being only fifty feet away, it was imperative they should make no noise, 2nd Lieutenant Calvert and one of his men at the end of three hours recovered the wounded but still living men, and after two more hours’ work the bodies of two men who had been killed. For this deed his Colonel recommended him for the D.S.O., and wrote later on: “I deeply deplore that he did not survive to receive it, had my recommendation been accepted, as I feel sure it would have been.”

 

5/9/15?

LG 11/3/16 p2677

2936 Corporal A. E. Graves, 1st/4th Battalion, Royal Lancaster Regiment, T.F. (attached 179th Tunnelling Company, Royal Engineers). For conspicuous gallantry when he assisted for four hours, under fire from enemy trenches only 25 yards distant, in the operations for rescuing two entombed miners at shaft-head. [also LG 14/1/16 pub 11/1/16 listed as MM?]

 

5/9/15 Maxse letter to wife

We have just completed a fortnight in the trenches and it has done them us a lot of good. Half have already been relieved and the other half are in. There has been just enemy’s artillery firing, sniping, bomb-throwing and consequent uncertainty to give the troops confidence, without too many casualties, and I should like another fortnight of similar treatment, if I could arrange it – for the second lot. Total casualties about 150 to date.

            The most awkward and nasty job has undoubtedly been the German underground mining. The Berkshires, Queens and Buffs have each had one or more mines blown up in front of their trenches, and the Buffs had one platoon with about 15 casualties from the explosion. They behaved wonderfully well and when I went to see the company concerned that evening (1st Sept) they were all as cheerful as possible, in spite of the fact that in front of the Buffs two craters were formed which blew up over 50 yards of their front parapets.

            The “craters” are 30 feet deep & some parts of their sides are perpendicular. The bottoms, in this weather, are a jumble [?] of soft mud and destroyed wire entanglements. They form a row of formidable obstacles between our own and the German parapets (which are in places only 15 to 25 yards apart). W also have blown up three mines form a depth of 50 feet below the surface, but I honestly do not see how either we or the Germans have bettered our situations after months of mining effort!!

            The Germans of course started first. We inherited the situation from the French who had allowed the Germans to get the upper hand, or rather lower-hand of them: and we are consequently, from a mining point of view, somewhat handicapped. Digging down shafts 50 feet deep and running horizontal “galleries” for 100 to 300 feet from them is no light labour, and I grudge the useless but inevitable work.  Its very exciting for the miners underground who are often only 10 feet apart – when the question arises which shall blow 100,000 tons of earth first into the air? On the face of it the amusement seems senseless, but those concerned (500 men one way or another, here) are very keen indeed on their job – so are the R.E. officers of the mining companies.

            I have two to deal with, both excellent people. I am recommending one private for the D.C.M.

 

6/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[… Lts Humphrys, Rowan & Young in trenches. Bates accompanies for instructional purposes only] [CRE paid a visit to the workings this morning. Work proceeds normally]

 

6/9/15 Norton Griffiths Diary Nat. Archives WO158/129 [actually 5/9?]

6.30am to OC 179th at Albert. Lt Jones i/c. Captain Alabaster in Hospital. Visited Mining area. Miners making enough noise to make certain Gs getting them instead of they him. Coy shaping very well. Some good officers & men. The 2 officers – sent them by Major Danford. Lt Cloutman killed & Lt Talbot gassed. Visited spot of both casualties to investigate. Cloutman when ½ way up shaft 40 ft. deep carrying up his Sergt. with help of rope from above himself collapsed falling to the bottom.  This Coy can only partially carry on pending arrival of material ordered. [Cloutman apparently in 178 Coy, killed 21/8/1915].

 

Middlebrook Somme Battlefields: [223]

Lt W R Cloutman buried Norfolk Cemetery (front row) [178 or 179 Coy?]

Norfolk Cemetery, just east of Albert … grave of Lt W R Cloutman of 178 Coy who saved an injured Sgt’s life by carrying him up a 45 ft ladder in a shaft but was then overcome by fumes and fell back to his death. [apparently serving with 179 Coy]

 

7/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Pretyman, Bowen & Mackay-White in trenches. Work proceeds normally] … CRE here in afternoon and awarded 28 [FP No 1 to 8229 Pte Tullis KOSB] [4 fresh Salvus sets delivered. 1 Proto set on loan to 178 Coy]

 

7/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

My skin has almost recovered altogether now, only one or two places bother and they aren’t bad. My No1 grouse is that I’m beastly hungry and can’t eat. My effort two nights ago has upset things a bit and my gazeka [?] patch hurts more or less the whole time and especially when I swallow. However the M.O. speaks of a mustard leaf tonight and that will enable me to eat some breakfast, believe me! It does seem rot that my head is all right, and now here they have me laid up with the after effects of the inoculation. If the Bosches get me later on, I’ll jolly well see that no M.O. injects any of his beastly muck into me. this one dose ought to last a good time and I can assume you that I’ve not the slightest desire to go though its after effects again, no sirree! …   I’ve applied for Mackay White’s leave from the 9th. Then there’s Humphrys, Pretyman, Calvert and then, who’ve been out since April or May. So that my leave should come off about the end of next month.

 

8/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Kerr, Calvert & Slorach in trenches. Bates in trenches during day, assisting. work proceeds normally. Sees Div Cder Gen Allason, he will assist re fatigue parties & keeping down enemy fire. 1 Studebaker box-car 15 cwt delivered to Coy with 1 ASC driver. See Alabaster in hosp. ] SRJ

 

8/9/15 153 Bde WD

 

[Progress Report to 6am 8/9/15] [E1 7/GH] A large mound of earth is appearing in the German front trench near 462. It looks like the shaft of a mine.

8/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

[179 Coy RE W OR 1 (gas in mine)]

 

8/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

Jones biked over this afternoon and brought your letter of the 5th, so I’ve had two today, am in luck’s way - ! dear pet [?], aren’t you?

            I do feel a fraud, dear, the way people are asking after me as if I was really bad, when I’m absolutely all right except for this beastly inoculation. My insides are better, but anything drunk or eaten hurts still and the confounded rash keeps popping up all over the place. shall be damned fed up with it soon, as I’m all right otherwise but simply can’t do duty in this state and lord knows how long it is going to keep up this hide and seek game. There’s such heaps to be done at the front too. The company is still growing in officers and man, stores keep arriving and work is simply rushing ahead. If only the 179th had taken over from the French four or five months ago the Bosches would have been kicked to a frazzle. My officers and men are simply wonderful, dear, work like slaves, always cheery and don’t care toss for anything. Two more of them are up for Military Crosses. A Bosche trench mortar bomb smashed a part of our parapet and covered in a shaft, at the bottom of which men were working. These two lads, Kerr and Calvert, had to get outside the remains of our parapet about 30 yds from the Bosches and worked for 2 to 3 hours shifting the debris and getting the men out. They had to go slow and be awfully careful, scraping the mess away with their hands, as any rough handling would have dropped down the shaft and trapped the men below entirely. All the time they were working, they were being sniped at and bombed and treated to machine gun fire. Jove, honey it makes me mad not being able to be with a set of fellows like that and all because a silly dose of inoculation has laid me out. Lucky the wound was only a scratch as it would soon have healed now the present condition I’m in. Oh damn!

            There looks like some trouble over trouble over out leave. The Division we are working with have said that they allotted vacancies to units till the end of next month, which means my own leave coming off at about Xmas. But Jones is going to the 3rd Army direct and put it to them that as we are Army Troops the Division can’t be so off hand, and I expect things will be fixed all right, though with a bit of delay.

            Please give my love to all, and thank them for their letters and magazines. They are more than acceptable here and will be appreciated in the mess when I get back.

 

9/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[visits CE 3rd Army in morning on matters about leave for officers, stationery, special stores & reinforcements. applies again for leave on behalf of Mackay White…

Humphrys , Rowan & Young in trenches. work proceeds normally.] Infantry not carrying out their fatigue duties as they should do. [at 9.10? pm Pte Love Sussex Pioneers gassed at A Shaft [beneath Bapaume Rd]. To hosp.

 

9/9/15 153 Bde WD

 

At 8am a Civilian wearing a grey suit & grey cap was seen in German lines in sector E1.

10/9/15 51 Div GS WD

[we successfully fired a camouflet as enemy’s mining heard very close.]

 

10/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Pretyman, Bowen & Mackay-White in trenches. Bates in trenches for day work only. At 12.30 9/10 Sept TM explodes outside officers dugout, 2 OR wounded, both to hosp. At 9 o/c pm a camouflet was commenced to be prepared for firing at the end of the attack gallery of D5 as O i/c reported enemy to be as close as 12 feet. 200 lbs guncotton were laid – a gap of 5 feet was interspersed between 2 lots of tamping. At 1.35pm 10/11 Sept the camouflet was fired with every success apparently, as on inspection the tamping had moved but very little & for some time afterwards, no gas was detected in the main galleries.

Work proceeded normally.

[In evening Mackay White receives permission for 8 days leave from 11th.]

SRJ

 

10/9/15 153 Bde WD

 

{progress Report to ??] [E2?] At 1.45am we exploded a camouflet in Dohollou at mine D.5. The sappers report the enemy’s gallery blown in. [E3 7/BW] 1.15pm – an underground explosion was felt by our right company.

10/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

[wedding anniv] You see this confounded rash came on again night before last and made me feel pretty rotten all yesterday. Am lots better this morning, and was even all right for ½ hr. Let’s hope it all clears up today and doesn’t return as a bad attack is hades [?].

… I’m like a dormouse today, can hardly keep awake at all. Suppose it is because the last two nights were not exactly good ones. Am really on the mend now, am glad to say; the rash still flits about, but nothing compared to what it was before and Sunday will probably see me back at billets. Shall take no chances, though, of its coming on again, and so may wait an extra day or two here.

… You know it does seem a waste of time fighting on days like these, when everyone would much rather be in the open enjoying themselves. It makes one more than ever determined not to let Bosche carry on for another year. No he must be polished off p.d.q. and let W.P.& Co. spend next Sept. 10th together on their very own. I hope to goodness the big push does come off this autumn and soon; if they wait till Winter the ground will be mucky as anything. The whole trouble is the men at home striking and holding up supplies. Millions of tons of stuff are needed before one can break through, and lots of people don’t seem to realise that we are at war at all. Even the photos one sees in the papers don’t bring it home to one entirely. And then hardly a soul realises what a devil of a lot of heavy high explosives is required to flatten out a line of trench. Then when you think that it is not one trench but a network of lines ½ mile deep or more, and that, unless you flatten out a front of 10 or 15 miles at least, it is no use or they’ll merely close the gap, you can see what a fearful lot of stuff is needed before we can wipe them.

 

 

11/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[.. Kerr, Calvert, Slorach in trenches, Bates in trenches for day duty. Mackay Whites leave cancelled by GRO cancelling all leave … work proceeds normally]

 

11/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

Jones sent me a line this morning to say that he has been to Corps H.Q. and fixed things about leave. Mackay White goes today and the rest of us in rotation. My leave will begin on about October 20th, as far as I can judge.

 

12/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[… Humphrys, Rowan, Young in trenches. work proceeds normally. Pte Syme has ankle broken by unexploded 6 inch shell falling into No 2 Section billet in rue des Travies ?  shell buried in back garden.

Lt W B Creswick ¼th KOYLI reports for duty with batman .. of same Regt.

Interview with Gen Ross 152 Bde] He has promised to keep men permanently engaged in removing sandbags from Shafts; & also to improve the vicinity of Shaft G. 6. SRJ

 

12-17/9/15 6 Seaforth WD

 

[Becourt relieve 7 Gordons in trenches 12-17/9] enemy heard mining underneath “A” Coys sector. [2 coys 14 Liverpools att for inst]

12/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

Major Norton Griffiths inspected Officers & NCOs with Mining Certificates Forwarded list of officers recommended for DAQMG…

[179 Coy W OR 1]

 

13/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Pretyman, Bowen, Mackay White in trenches. Lts Creswick & Bates in trenches during day, assisting & surveying. Shafts C & S connected up. work proceeds normally. CRE here in morning hands out punishments to 3 ORs… and remanded? two men for written evidence…  Practically all indented stationery arrived. ] S Ramplen Jones Lt RE OC 179th Coy

 

13/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

Pte J H Richardson 2/KOYLI attached 179th Mining Coy and Sergt J Paterson 1/7 Black Watch attached 179th Tunnelling Coy.

 

13/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

It is awfully hard to realise that there is a war going on now. This is such a pretty peaceful little village dropped down among the hills and woods. I’m sitting under a high bank in a field on the side of the hill looking down on the village. It is simply a perfect day, blazing sun and soft cool breeze. The only sign of war just now is an aeroplane over head and that even looks peaceful enough. I wish I could sketch as the red roofs between the trees and the misty blue sky above would make such a topping subject.

            I’m feeling lots better, and stronger every hour. Would really be quite fit for duty tomorrow, but the M.O. wants me to wait till Wednesday. Fancy losing three weeks just for a silly scratch and all because it is an order that every case of official wounding must have a pint of juice squirted into them. One thing I must make jolly sure of is that, next time I’m hit at all, I’m conscious when they take me to the field ambulance and so can tell them not to give me another dose. This last one will hold good for a year, they tell me; so with any luck there won’t be any bother when the Bosche plugs [?] me.

            I hear that the Bosches put a shell into our billet area yesterday. Luckily the men in the particular house were all out and only one man got a broken leg from a flying brick. And then one of our own batteries got busy and flattens theirs out, so there was no more trouble. Am jolly glad our guns did get after them, as that lesson will save a great deal of unpleasantness in future. That is where an unlimited supply of ammunition is needed; apart from an ppalling [?] stock in hand for attack purposes in flattening out their works, the gunners must have a big supply for daily use; ‘cos if Bosche realises that every round he fires or every trench mortar bomb that comes over is answered by hell let loose for five minutes, he’ll be good and not ask for trouble.

            I hear that they are granting leave again from tomorrow. Let’s hope they don’t take it into their heads to close the line again. Every time they hold it up means more delay and I want to se my little girl just as soon as ever we can. Six weeks is bad enough, but we are prepared for that. The thing is we don’t want it to get longer.

            I must confess that Preston never got the last lot of cigarettes. He is on leave and so I commandeered them myself. Have got into awfully bad ways, dear, and taken to cigarettes and smoking in the morning. It started on the day I got biffed. You see we began at 2a.m. and I just carried on smoking at intervals till 11.30 when I had breakfast. So can you enclose a packet of gold flake cigarettes in any parcels, not Egyptian or Turkish?

 

13/9/15 Norton Griffiths Diary Nat. Archives WO158/129

[recommends list of TC officers for promotion to command new T Coys incl Hance & Richardson, nearly all Lts, pres temp comms, and asks for posting of 7 officers for detail & routine] From the 7 months I have been at TCs I am sure if the above suggestions were adopted in the main & at least 4 if not 7 existing Mining Officers were selected to commands the results would be satisfactory & were this done I can assure the E in C he would smile with joy at the quiet way the deed would be done & the A/E in C would feel he were walking on air. If I failed in my prophecy I will be content to go to a warm place. [asks for brevet]

 

14/9/15 18 Div GS WD

[X.19.b.  E3 North end of Ilôt. We fired mine at 10.25pm. enemy heard in their shafts just prior to explosion. enemy replied on both sectors with tms & arty. No damage done to us. ]

 

14/9/15 51 Div GS WD

[enemy exploded a mine opp I at 10.55am. Not much damage to the parapet, but 1 officer & 4 men of the tunnelling coy killed & several gassed]

 

14/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Kerr, Calvert & Slorach in trenches, Creswick & Bates also there on special duty.] At about 11am the enemy fired a mine, blowing in the heading at E3. [Pte Kirshaw] working at the heading killed [L/Cpl Parker] in descending the shaft after the explosion, to go to the rescue, was gassed and killed. Lt Calvert, in going to the rescue of Lce Cpl Parker, got gassed and never recovered consciousness. Lt Calvert was buried in the ground reserved for British soldiers by the French Govt, and adjoining the civilian cemetery in the Bray-Albert Road. [Kerr, Slorach & Pretyman also gassed and admitted to Warloy Hospital. Lt F S Bates slightly wounded in the face and admitted to Warloy Hosp. Lt Bowen also suffered from trench mortar shock. half buried and rendered partially deaf. This officer did not go to hosp. Creswick & Mackay-White the only officers not affected in any way. 9 or reported gassed 7 wounded, 1 killed…

Alabaster rejoins Coy at 7.30pm from Warloy Hosp. Interviewed BM 152 Bde re] clearing away filled sandbags from our shafts – about bombing the craters & having them patrolled every night. This was promised.

Work proceeded normally other sectors. A guard was placed on duty outside Shaft E to prevent anyone entering.  SRJ

[La Boisselle plan DSCF0244 shows gallery destroyed by camouflet 14/9/15-at Ilot]

 

14/9/15

WO153/904 La Boisselle Plan

DSCF0244 [W or W1 red tunnel] Destroyed by enemy Camouflet 14/9/15

 

14/9/15 Kerr interview, Barrie papers

The Boche camoufleted. They had started proto schools and men were being trained. I was up the line on duty – there was always one skipper. I was at La Boisselle. Because of the camouflet we had to go down. A fellow called Calvert who had just come back from the school, said he was going down with the proto set, which I agreed to because he had just been trained and I hadn’t. It was just a little slit in the front line and a vertical shaft down. There was a hell of a lot of gas coming up – we didn’t know it at the time. I put the rope round his shoulders. We had three or four men hanging on. He was a pal of mine, Calvert, nice chap. he got his head down and was just level with the collar of the shaft – it was just a little sandbagged place in the front line. I don’t know what happened – he got a bit hot, or the wind-up, but he took his noseclip off for a second. The next thing was, I went out; although I didn’t know it, carbon monoxide was pouring up and I had nothing on. So they yanked me out of the way and chucked me on the parapet and applied artificial respiration, but poor old Calvert never came round. I was talking to him, as I am to you – it was all so sudden. We lost a couple of men down the shaft. That was one of the worst shows we had. … Because of the concentration of gas and being caught napping. They camoufleted us when we weren’t expecting it.

 

14/9/15 Harrow War Memorials of the Great War Vol. 3

[Calvert killed] while gallantly attempting to rescue a man who had been overcome by gas in a gallery in which the Germans had exploded a mine. When he was brought out of the shaft, he was already too far gone from the effects of the gas for recovery to be possible, and he died without recovering consciousness. he was buried in the cemetery at Albert. His Colonel wrote:- “He died, as he had lived, a victim to his high-souled sense of duty.”

 

14/9/15 CRE 51 Div WD

[179th Co RE had Lt Calvert killed 1 officer wounded, 3 gassed, 4 men killed & 10 wounded and gassed as the result of firing of German mine at La Boisselle]

 

14/9/15 10 Corps GS WD

At 10.55am the enemy exploded a mine at pt. 120 NE corner of Ilôt close to one of our mine shafts. Several men were in the shaft but all but two were rescued. At the same time as the explosion the enemy shelled with light shrapnel. The Ilôt trench was much damaged by the explosion but is still held. …

Operation Order No 6 … Details of units allotted to mining operations will remain as at present…

179 Tunnelling Co.}

Bde Mining Sects 51st Divn} La Boisselle

200 men from 51st Division}

 

14/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

[179 Coy RE & attached K. 2/Lt C F S Calvert 3/S. Staffs, OR 2 [?], wnd 2/Lt F W Bates RE 2/Lt F R Prettyman RE Lt N J Kerr 3/Norfolk, 2/Lt W Slorach 6/Scott. Rifles. OR 9 {/ or 1] (Due to explosion of a mine). Suffering from shock 2/Lt Bowen J RE.]

 

14/9/15 1/6 A & S WD

 

[I E3 sector Enemy mine exploded in part of sector occupied by our right sector, dispositions of companies re-arranged…

14/9/15 1/7th B Watch WD

 

[in the afternoon Sgt Paterson B Coy presently att 179th Field [sic] Coy was presented with the DCM at Corps Headquarters at Querrieux for attempting to rescue 2 men overcome by gas in a mine near I. The Commanding Officer and representative officers & men of the Bn were present. For bravery in connection with the same rescue Lieut Humphrys is being recommended by the Corps Commander for the Victoria Cross.

14/9/15 Alabaster  letter to wife

Am all right again now, praise the pigs [?]. Have just got in from a stroll round the country, and, though walking and resting for 2½ hours, don’t feel tired. So you see, I’m quite fit at last and shall be returning to billets tomorrow. Am awfully pleased, as it is a treat to feel fit after being a crock for nearly three weeks. Now we must give the Bosche a warm time just to show how full of buck[?] we are, and I’m simply bursting to remove a few of them. I’m longing to know how the company have got one [sic] with the scheme they had in hand, and feel horribly restless cooped up here. Still there’ll be lots to keep me occupied from tomorrow onwards, and the weeks will simply fly by till our leave comes along. … I believe MacKay White will be off tomorrow or Thursday

 

15/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [2Lt Butler from 178 Coy arrives for temp duty. Rowan, Young & Mackay White in trenches. Work proceeds normally] But work ceased in D2 owing to danger and damage. 152nd Brigade arrange to reconnoitre and bomb craters near D2. …

 

15/9/15 10 Essex WD

 

[cas. 14310 Pte White W M C Coy killed 15/9/15 att Bde Mining Sect., not clear if La Boisselle]

 

16/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [Humphreys Creswick & Butler in trenches] [Alabaster 10am interview with GOC 152 Bde and artillery commander arranged to shell craters 4 to 5pm. Bombardment believed successful. Reported to CRE that a camouflet should be fired at 10am on 19/9/15 in left heading of S galleries. House in La Boisselle which enfilades trenches reported to artillery… ]

Reported to 152nd Brigade and 51st Division at 2am 17.9.15 that 2Lts Rowan and Young estimated Germans to be under our front line trench between pts 105 and 106 south of Becourt. Suggested evacuation of area affected by garrison and attempt be made to bore at 10ft intervals along trench and then camouflet or pump in poison gas. 51st Divn direct that no action be taken as regards boring or countermining till 18th Divn have given a decision. …

 

16/9/15 55 Bde WD (18 Div)

 

Sounds of tapping has been reported under parapet of our new Sub-Sector E.1. Js being investigated by O.C. 179 Co. R.E. from Albert.

17/9/15 51 Div GS WD

[During the early morning the report that mining was going on under the trenches on the extreme right of 51 Div (in front of Becourt) was confirmed by mining officers. Distance between the trenches here preclude regular mining ops & give colour to the local report that underground passage extends from Albert under Becourt – La Boisselle and Fricourt. The entrances to these passages have been discovered in Albert but are blocked after a distance of about 200 ft. As La Boisselle section has now been transferred to the 18th Div, the investigations so far as they had proceeded, were handed over to that Div.

A camouflet successfully exploded by our miners opp La Boisselle at 10am.

[152 Bde relieved during night by Bde of 18 div, 18 div became responsible for right (La Boisselle) section of 51 Div front]

 

17/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… Camouflet 460 lbs fired in left heading of S workings at 10am, Germans being estimated at under 10 ft distance. Lt Humphreys in charge. No damage to our trenches. [Rowan, Young & Mackay White in trenches] [GSO X Corps visits re work. Pretyman, Kerr & Slorach returned to duty] Listening carried out by NCO of 179th Coy at suspected site at Becourt till 7pm. Infantry listening patrol left in charge. OC 178th Coy directed by CRE 18th Divn to take over at 7.30pm.

2Lt Butler from 178th Coy came over at 11pm to discuss operations at Becourt and returned to duty at 178th Coy RE. …

 

17/9/15 55 Bde WD (18 Div)

 

Official investigation of trench 105 not yet made but from reports received there seems to be little doubt that Germans are underneath our parapets there. German trenches are 300x distant at this point. Subterranean passages are known to exist in the neighbourhood, and it is suggested the Germans may be using these.

17/9/15 10 Corps GS WD

12.20pm 51st Divn report that enemy can be heard mining under our front line between trenches 105 and 106 (L.33). Local rumours think that enemy have struck subterranean passage as they are suppose to run from Albert to Becourt and le Boisselle. These do run Eastward from Albert but are blocked after a few hundred feet. Further investigations are being made. …

Our miners exploded a camouflet [at] 9.55am in sub sector E.3 (L.20)  Germans fired several small trench mortars with no effect. We fired one 33 lb. bomb which is believed to have fallen and exploded in a shaft.

 

18/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [Pretyman, Kerr & Creswick in trenches] Consulted with GOC 53rd Brigade regarding mining operations at La Boisselle 10am, proposed scheme approved. [proposals re fatigues & removal of sandbags submitted. Decencies of officers & ORs in 179 & Bde Mining Sections telegraphed to CE 10th Corps. …

 

18/9/15 55 Bde WD (18 Div)

 

[18/9/15 7 RWK in E1]

No further information of enemy’s mines under trench 105.

18/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

179th Tunnelling Coy attached to 18th Division

 

18/9/15 6/ R Berks WD

 

[17/9/15 relieve 1/5 Seaforth opp La Boisselle, E2 Sector 112-120] Trenches very dirty & badly kept – all shelters bad – no drainage – parapets badly damaged in places – most of the trenches very shallow. A lot of mines are being worked in Duhollu opposite La Boisselle both by us and the enemy. Large craters exist between us – the result of previous mine explosions. The ground is all chalk, & as fast as the parapets are repaired, the enemy blow them down again. The mining fatigue is heavy – 112 men working 6 hour shifts of 28 men. Over 3000 sand bags of chalk per day are carried out of the mine and the disposal of this creates a problem. The enemy are well supplied with trench-mortars and send over large numbers of Sausages and rifle-grenades which do some damage to our trenches.

19/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[… Jones, Humphrys & Mackay White in trenches. 2?t Bates returns to duty after wounded. Arrivals 2Lts J C Allan, G Buswell, G Thompson, L D Ford, all of Indian Army Reserve. ] Arranged with Infantry that they will make D2 and G6 accessible. …

 

19/9/15 1/7th B Watch WD

 

2723 Pte A Wallace gassed while att 179 coy

20/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… Conference CRE 18th Divn, GOC 53rd Bde, OC 179th Coy at 10am. Decided

1. to use existing front line trench mining workings for listening.

2. Adopt a scheme of driving from Quemart and similar line to make new workings in rear.

3. Select sites for one new heading on each flank.

4. Abandon D2 till safe to approach.

5. Infantry will provide access to D6.

6. Infantry will bomb crater near B.

[Lts Rowan, Young, Allan, Thompson in trenches]

2Lt R Hawtrey 8th Northants arrived. Xth Corps agrees that 2 officers & 40 Ors may proceed on leave at a time, details left to OC 179th Coy RE.

… [1 OR gassed]

 

21/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [Creswick, Buswell & Ford in trenches, Bates surveying.] Lt Pretyman conducting only.

Decided on details for mining operations. …

After discussions with GOC 53rd Brigade, it was decided to charge four camouflets and wait. General mining scheme as decided on in the morning to be carried out.

Explosives and detonators drawn. …

Panorama photo No 12 which had been given to OC 179th Coy RE by Maps 3rd Army, handed over to GOC 53rd Bde.

 

22/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [Humphreys, Kerr & Hawtrey in trenches.] Camouflets prepared ready to fire in 4 hours of order being received at mining dug out in trenches.

3rd Army AC/89 regarding filling vacancies in Brigade Mining Sections attached to Tunnelling Coys from Infantry Brigades …

 

23/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

…[ Rowan, Young, Allan, Thompson in trenches] Conference with CE X Corps regarding organisation of mining work and monthly meeting of OCs Tunnelling Coys.

GS 18th Divn approve scheme of mining. further orders will be received.

[2Lt Slorach & 1 or returns] …

 

23/9/15 18 Div GS WD

[alabaster visits 18 Div HQ]

 

23/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

[??] Lt Slorach attd 179th Coy RE to rejoin his unit & be replaced by another officer from 51st Div.

 

23/9/15

 

Bannatine-Allason departs as GOC 51 Div, Harper takes over 25/9/15

24/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

[Creswick, Ford & Buswell in trenches]

Under orders of CRE 18th Divn, OC 179 Coy reconnoitred site for blinded sap near Pt 110, close to Aberdeen Avenue and Shuttle Lane. Site approved by OC 79th Coy [sic] and BM 53th Bde. 2Lt Bowen in charge of work, with party of C Coy R West Kent in trenches.

OC Coy referred to BM 53rd Bde for instructions regarding mines and other action contemplated. [Cpl Young killed] …

 

25/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… On instructions from GOC 53rd Bde, front heading between S1 and S2 shafts [Mangin] being charged with 1000 lbs guncotton; when ready report to be sent to GOC. 2Lt Humphreys supervising. [Kerr, Bates & Hawtrey in trenches] … [to draw explosives from Ribemont] 

CRE 18th Div approves site of sap near point 110.

10th Corps 612/Q. Secret. 51st Divn 329/Q received 4.30pm. [2Lt J D Stuart 9/HLI reports for duty 4.30pm]

 

26/9/15 53 Bde GS WD

[2pm two camouflets exploded by 179 Coy just south of La Boisselle but the actual result could not be ascertained. enemy retaliates TMs.]

 

26/9/15 18 Div GS WD

[Opp Trench 119-120 L.26 Sub-Sector E.3 We exploded two camouflets 2pm SW of La Boisselle. Believed successful. Little retaliation by Germans.]

 

26/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [2Lt H C E Cherry 8/Glos reports for duty 8am] [Humphreys, Allan & Thompson in trenches. 2Lt Bowen arrives here 8am to confer with OC re work at Pt 110. OC confers with Bde at 9.30am. 2Lt Rowan leaves 7am for short leave – special sanction for private reasons.]

After firing camouflet in D3 it was found that Cpl W Lynch, No 86135, No 4474 L/Cpl Wood A + No 18422 Pte S. [Percey] [other names missing]

[next page missing]

[War diary begins on correct forms…]

[Bowen & 26 OR on special duty for CRE 18th Div Pt 110 in trenches nr Becourt.

Pretyman, Mackay White & … ORs on short leave England]

[7am, 2Lt G Rowan, Bde Mining Section left for short leave (Special leave)]

9am GOC 53rd Bde orders firing of prepared charges near D4 and D5 shafts in Duhollou trench at 2pm 26.9.15, and between S1 and S2 at 6am 27.9.15.

2.00pm Lt H J Humphreys, 1/7th Black Watch, and 179th Coy RE in charge, both D4 & D5 fired successfully.

3.00pm Notified of signal of French [?] at night; letter sent back at once to CRE 18th Divn.

4.00pm Letter Secret 51st Divn 329. Q with amended scheme received regarding action of 179th Coy RE in event of certain circumstances.

2.30pm Reported to GOC 53rd Bde that Germans below our advanced workings. Approved that F series of shafts be deepened listen in front only, reconnoitre for new shafts in RIDOU Trench. OC Battn to left of Bapaume Road warned regarding mine between S1 and S2, about 7pm Compy commanders of ILOT Company and one on its right informed about 7.30 or 8pm.

Enquiries made regarding Corpl Lynch and 7 men missing after the explosion of mines at 2pm with a view to a report.  

 

SDGW

Lynch, William, b Mullingar, Co Westmeath, e Warrington, r St Helens, 86135, Cpl KiA 26/9/15, for. 954 I Guards, 179th Coy RE.

 

26/9/15 6/ R Berks WD

 

One of our mines was exploded opposite La Boisselle at 2pm. A bombing party of 5 went out to hold the lip of the crater. Pte Peach of D Coy was killed – and Pte Phillips was gassed. Pte Stimpson A Co was wounded. [relieved by Norfolks 3-9pm]

26/9/15 Essex S Bn History, p144

 

[p144 relieve 8/Suffolk. western end of village street juts out from the remainder of the line and was known as the ‘Ilôt’] ‘It was a queer conglomeration of shallow, narrow slits between old and new sandbags – these served for trenches – foundations of and rubble from disused houses, a cemetery and used and disused mineshafts. As the village sloped up gently eastwards, the enemy had an excellent view, at close range, of our forward trenches and the ‘Ilôt’.’ [poss quote for 10/essex Hist] [179 Coy had 5 shafts in and around the point which required 6 reliefs of 32 men each every 4 hours. The first night’s work consisted mainly of bursts of mg fire upon portions of the enemy’s wire, which had been cut during the day by the art.y with the object of preventing repair. Patrols sent out reported, however that repaired… felt insufficient art.y retal to stop enemy tms. ]

26/9/15 10 Corps GS WD

18th Div reports we exploded two camouflets SW of La Boisselle (L 26) believed successful. There was little retaliation to our artillery fire which was on a smaller scale than during the last three days. …

 

27/9/15 53 Bde GS WD

[6am small mine successfully exploded by 179 Coy close to Albert-La Boisselle Rd and just W of the village. Results not known.]

 

27/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

6.00am Brief report of casualties of 26.9.15 written out and handed to BM 53rd Bde at Bde HQ at about 6.40am. [not in GS War Diary]

Mine between S1 and S2 blown, ground just holed. Lt Humphreys in charge. no casualties. …

1.00pm Major MacDuff, OC Salvage Coy arrived and issued definite instructions as to movements of 179th Coy in the event of an advance, OC Salvage Coy will wire OC 179th Coy RE when to take action.

4.00pm Court of Enquiry sits. President Major Wakley – Members Major Winstanley, Capt Hincks. Witnesses [Capt Alabaster, Lt Humphreys, 2Lt Thompson, LCpl Lindell, LCpl Bowen, Pte Sullivan & Pte Miles.]

 

27/9/15 10 Essex WD

 

3.45am [Bn stood to all quiet. 6am small mine exploded by our engineers opp T. Sap. Miners report that one enemy’s MG & one snipers post & listening post destroyed. all quiet until 2pm…]

27/9/15 Essex S Bn History p145

 

[morning of 27/9 a small mine exploded by RE, and was reported that an enemy mg post, a snipers post and listening post had been destroyed. enemy replied later with tms and rifle grenades from w of La B upon the rear of the Ilôt and were treated to 4.5 how fire as a retort. Hostile working party in left crater opp Ilôt. First off of Bn killed Lt H E Hudson, pltn cdr, C Coy, a bombing enthusiast, went over parapet in the twilight to try to locate a sniper, not gone far when shot through head. Buried in Fr cem in Albert next day. [more re succeeding days]

27/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

[179 Coy Missing believed Killed OR 7]

 

28/9/15 53 Bde GS WD

[Bde Op report. enemy’s mining gaining ground beneath Duhallou… We have continued defensive ops and exploded several camouflets and one mine. Mining situation in front of la Boisselle is not good. Berks Regt Grenadiers bombed the enemy out of two mine craters. ]

[Alabaster report to 53 Bde:

1. Germans heard at some depth below our workings coming in between D 3 and G. 6. their exact position not yet located but believed they are along a line approximating to that of Duhallou trench.

2. shafts & galleries full of gas at present, though we are endeavouring to improve the ventilation. until ascertained gas is clear, not poss to work or listen in D, F or G systems.

3. not thought likely Germans will fire as yet, but may do so.

4. suggests that garrison be warned, so that in case of mine being exploded casualties will not be very heavy.

5. In order to look after the ventilation, mining officers will have to be protected at points D 4 and G5 in Duhollou and along Quemart trench.]

 

28/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

1pm (1) Reported to GOC 53rd Bde that listening in G, F and D systems still impracticable owing to gas.

(2) also requested that craters between B & E be bombed & shelled, so as to permit work in B & E. A connection could be made in five days.

(3) Submitted a working scheme, embracing a front behind the Ilot & Duhollou to the GOC who agrees in toto. Correspondence filed.

[BM 153 Bde promises to supply fatigue party of 30 men & 3 NCOS 10am every day to carry stores to trenches. Weather overcast casualties nil.]

 

28/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

2/Lt Melville  A O Workshop unit ordered to join 179th Tunnelling Coy.

 

29/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… 9am OC to CE X corps to confer with reference to new front line at La Boisselle …

OC takes evidence from Lts Humphries and Thompson re the 7 men who were accidentally killed on the 26th.

2pm Arrangements made with Trench Mortar section to bomb craters between B & E.

3pm Conference between GOC 18th Divn, GOC 53rd Bde, CRE, OC Battalions concerned, OC 179th .. Coy, OC 79th Field Coy

Decision:- GOC 53rd Bde responsible for policy in connection with defensive mining operations. OC 179th Coy to arrange details. The new line to be held is to be fixed by the GOC 53rd Bde.

 

29/9/15 1/7th B Watch WD

 

2233 L/Cpl J Russell; 2921 Pte G Barclay; 2825 Pte J Nicol; 3450 Pte G Stafford; 3371 Pte W Hodge gassed att 179 Coy

29/9/15 6/ R Berks WD

 

A draft of 5 men from England were taken by the RE Tunnelling Co.

29/9/15 10 Corps A&QMG

18 Div reports DAG Base refused reinforcements in place of men of Bde Mining Sections attd Tunnelling Coys [? ? ?]

 

30/9/15 53 Bde GS WD

[3.20pm we successfully exploded a small mine just E of trench 121]

[Alabaster report to 53 Bde: Germans having been heard close to the first attack gallery from the transversal S of S2, I have ordered this gallery to be charged with enough explosives to check the German advance without destroying our workings. the mine should be ready for firing by 1pm. I propose waiting till between 3pm & 4pm before firing. May OsC Bns be asked to send O.Cs right coy of Essex Regt and left Coy Norfolks to REs, Mining Dugout at 1pm today. ]

[Alabaster report to 53 Bde: We have fired a small mine from the first attack gallery S of S2 shaft at 3.20pm today. Lt Creswick who had charge of the preparation of the mine and in whose sectors the galleries concerned are, reports that he heard Germans working with two picks, within 10ft of the charge up till about 2.45pm. Sounds had not then ceased. There were no casualties among our miners. Our parapets were not damaged.]

[Alabaster report to 53 Bde: progress to 12 noon 30/9. Nothing special. Ventilation in F system improving. First attack gallery S of S2 shaft from the transversal charged as the Germans heard close estimated distance 10 ft.]

 

30/9/15 War Diary 179 Coy Nat. Archives WO95/244

… [2Lt G D Melville RE reported for duty at 3pm] 3.20pm Under orders from GOC 53rd Inf Bde a mine was successfully fire near S2.

[2Lt Bowen reports that the new sap at Pt 110 had advanced 79 ft up to 12 noon.]

[signed Alabaster]

 

 

© Simon Jones 2006